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In Camera Lucida (1981), Roland Barthes offers an unconscious account of visual analysis in practice. “Unconscious” is appropriate to this discussion as he does not define visual analysis. Regarding this, Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright (1998) comment that visual images are ‘central to how we represent, make meaning, and communicate with the world around us’ (p.1). Hence, visual analysis becomesContinue reading “Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of visual analysis based on Roland Barthes’ “Camera Lucida” (1981), comparing it to discourse analysis.”

When having no step by step procedures to follow in the process of discourse analysis, the researchers are facing many difficulties. Discourse analysis mainly focus on language and texts, in which social meanings, social identities and social facts are formed and reproduced (Tonkiss, 2018). Through the discourse analysis, it examines how ideologies are reproduced byContinue reading “What are the particular difficulties that researchers face when there are no step by step procedures to follow, yet there is a requirement for the systematic analysis of a dataset?”

There will be great difficulties for researchers to analyze a dataset without step by step procedures. According to what we’ve read in Cartographies of Knowledge, Celine-Marie Pascale discourses that on one hand, they must develop critiques of existing paradigms and on the other they must develop research that demonstrates the strength of the new frameworks(2010,Continue reading “Obstacles researchers facing without gradual procedures”

As for the analysis of data, without specific steps, it will not be straightforward to operate. As for the difficulties in data processing, Tonkiss thinks they mainly focus on the following points: defining research problems, selecting and obtaining data, classifying, compiling, and analyzing data. I want to focus on the “Sorting, coding, and analyzing data”Continue reading “The difficult researchers face in analyzing the data-bias”